Facial cleansing step by step: what you need to know about skin care rules at home, masks, peelings, cleansing devices

Our face is our business card. It belongs to the most open zone; it is used to judge our health, study our character, habits, habits. It is precisely because of its openness that a person’s face is exposed to the greatest influence from the environment. The skin, eyes and other parts react to polluted air, heat, cold, rain and snow. Acne, swelling, wrinkles, pigmentation, etc. appear. And of course, all the problems after a certain reaction, as they say, are also obvious. We have to pay the most attention to the skin of the face. There are a lot of masks, scrubs, peelings and other care methods that can help you maintain youth for as long as possible. Some people manage to end up under the knife of a plastic surgeon numerous times and become deformed. But we will not recommend such radical methods, but will suggest the best and proven recipes for facial skin care.

Features of facial skin

The skin of the human face consists of three different layers - the dermis, epidermis and hypodermis.

1. The first is the epidermis, which in turn consists of a five-layer level of cells responsible for various activities and functions of the skin as a whole. It also contains melanin, a pigment that reacts to external influences, in particular to sun rays and heat. Our tan is nothing more than this pigment.
2. The dermis is connective tissue and skin. It contains sebaceous glands, sweat receptors, nerve endings, small blood vessels, and hair follicles. It is worth noting that it is in the dermis that all the prerequisites for skin aging are formed - the appearance of wrinkles, furrows, pimples, etc.
3. The hypodermis, also called sub-dermis, is where subcutaneous fatty tissue is concentrated. Important nutrients are accumulated and stored in this layer.

Sweat glands play a separate and very important role. They eliminate and partially remove water-soluble waste along with sweat. Sebaceous glands have the function of lubricating the surface of the skin, protecting it from dryness and the formation of cracks.

And if stagnant processes or blocks arise, then those same unfortunate pimples, boils, pustules, blackheads, etc. appear.

How to choose the right cleanser and toner?

Water itself cannot clean your face. You need to use a surfactant (a cleanser that dissolves water and oil) that combines with the dirt to gently remove it from your skin. It is important to choose products that are gentle on your skin; for mixed skin types, care for combination skin is necessary. Frequent washing with regular soap or harsh surfactants can weaken the skin's barrier function by:

• changes the pH from its natural slightly acidified state between 5.4 and 5.9 to a neutral or even alkaline pH, thus reducing its ability to fight bacteria
• disruption of proteins in the cornea (top layer of skin)
• removal of lipids that protect the skin (fats that hold cells in the epidermis)

Cleansing is a key step in the skin care routine: cleansed skin absorbs the active ingredients contained in skin care products more effectively.

When the skin's barrier function is weakened, sensitivity increases, making the skin more prone to dryness and irritation.

Recognizing health problems by the face

Representatives of oriental medicine claim that a person’s face can tell about all the diseases and problems associated with his health. Moreover, each illness is a separate sign reflected on our face. So, let's begin.

Thin, exhausted, emaciated face

The symptom indicates sudden weight loss and depletion of strength and energy. It is important to see a doctor immediately to check for serious illnesses. There can be an ailment of any organ or system, ranging from an infectious process to cancer. The sign can also signal nervous exhaustion, stress, long-term depression, destruction of nerve endings, problems with the brain, etc.

There is no need to worry if a person has a thin body and face constitution throughout his life.

Premature skin aging

If deep or fine wrinkles begin to appear, you need to remember whether you are exposed to the sun's rays too often without a protective cream. It should be remembered once and for all that ultraviolet radiation is the main enemy of our skin, and more precisely, its youthful state. It burns the necessary moisture, and like dry soil, the skin becomes covered with small microcracks, which leads to breaks and wrinkles. Try to wear a wide-brimmed hat and use sunscreen that says SPF.

Dry skin

This problem is to blame for a banal lack of nutrients - organic, polyunsaturated acids, Omega 3, vitamins, micro and macroelements, etc. You can replenish their supply either by switching to a healthy diet or by taking a vitamin complex. Smoked foods, fatty, fried foods, baked goods, sweets, cakes, pastries, sweets, and preserves should be excluded from the daily menu.

Alcohol and cigarettes are strictly contraindicated. A woman who smokes is always identified by an earthy-yellow complexion, wrinkles, pigmentation, and ulcers. All these are the results of destroyed lungs and liver, which means the whole body suffers.

Food should be rich in fiber, it is best to switch to boiled chicken or turkey breast, salads with bell peppers, lettuce, white and red cabbage, fresh cucumbers, tomatoes, celery stalks. Boiled, baked and steamed sea and river fish are also useful.

First courses should be prepared exclusively in vegetable oil with the addition of tomato and a number of healthy vegetables: cabbage, carrots, beets, celery root, parsnips, beans, peas and other legumes.

The best meats to use are chicken, turkey, rabbit, quail, and guinea fowl. You should also enrich your diet with apples, pears, citrus fruits, and nuts. Facial skin is perfectly restored by consuming cereal grains - whole grain wheat, buckwheat, brown rice, quinoa, etc.

Important: to ensure that the skin receives the necessary amount of moisture, you need to drink plenty of fluids. We are not talking about broths, compotes, borscht. You should drink more herbal infusions, green tea, jelly, and uzvar.

Swollen face

A dangerous symptom can indicate several problems:

• there is a problem with fluid removal in the body;
• poor nutrition;
• sleep quality disturbance;
• problems in the cardiovascular, endocrine, genitourinary, nervous, gastrointestinal systems, etc.

First of all, when edema and swelling develop, it is necessary to urgently consult a specialist and undergo a full examination of the body. If there are no particular problems, the acid-base and water-salt balances should be restored.

Important: in case of edema, it is necessary to limit the consumption of salt and salty foods, since sodium inhibits the removal of excess fluid from the body.

Swelling also “speaks” of lack of rest and constant mental and physical stress. The body should be allowed to periodically relax with the help of walks in the fresh air, taking air baths, relaxation by the sea, a pond, or in a forest area.

Pale skin

It was once believed that chalk-pale and transparent skin was a sign of belonging to an aristocratic family. But in fact, this is a sign that certain problems are present.

1. Firstly, the symptom may be a signal of the presence of iron deficiency anemia, that is, a lack of hemoglobin.
2. Also, pallor may indicate inflammatory or infectious processes in the liver, the formation of cholelithiasis, etc.
3. It is necessary to replenish the supply of useful microelements, including beef, pork and beef liver, pomegranate, apple juice, mushrooms, buckwheat, and vitamin C in the diet.

Yellow skin tone

This sign is considered dangerous and requires immediate medical examination. You need to take a blood test, urine test, check the condition of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, etc. You should especially worry if the yellowness of the face is accompanied by yellowing of the sclera of the eyes - there is anemia or a serious condition of the liver, hepatitis.

Pimples

There is probably no such person who does not have pimples on his face at certain times.

1. For the first time, most of us encounter their occurrence at puberty, when puberty occurs. Against the background of hormonal imbalance, a surge of one or another type of hormone, in particular female and male, inflammation of the sebaceous glands occurs. The secretion increases, it clogs the pores and a pimple appears, then an abscess.
2. The second reason is an excessive passion for baking and sweets. A large amount of sugar causes the growth of pathogenic bacteria, causing inflammatory processes in the pores of the skin.
3. The third factor is lack of hygiene. You need to wash your face every day, morning and evening. You should also carefully remove any remaining makeup and treat your face with a disinfectant solution. Micellar water has an excellent cleansing effect - it cleanses pores and gently removes remnants of creams, mascara and lipstick from the face.

To get rid of the problem, you need to switch to a healthy diet. If there is a problem with hormones, you should consult a doctor and undergo a course of hormone therapy.

Bags and dark circles under the eyes

Lack of sleep, stress, nervous tension, heart disease, vascular disease, problems with the liver, kidneys, brain, infectious diseases, colds, inflammation and other pathologies can manifest themselves as circles under the eyes and bags. Also, this type can be caused by anemia, problems with alcohol, smoking, respiratory diseases: asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, tracheitis, etc.

You need to see a doctor. You also need to give the body rest, avoid stressful situations, and undergo a course of therapy aimed at calming the nervous system. For circles under the eyes, doctors recommend sleeping at least 7-8 hours a day.

Cracks and jams on the lips

You need to pay attention to whether cracks have arisen due to licking them in the cold, or whether banal weathering has occurred. If not, then there is a lack of vitamins A, B, C, D, E. It is necessary to enrich the diet with fish, fish oil, dairy products, fruits, vegetables and citrus fruits

Soaps, lotions and decoctions for washing the skin

Is it necessary to use soap during morning and evening washes? Experts in the field of cosmetology assure that soap should be used no more than once a day (in the evening), and only for those with oily skin type. Other skin types can dry out and become inflamed even when washed with gentle cosmetic soap.

To fully cleanse your facial skin, you can use special emulsions, lotions and liquid creams. Herbal infusions and unrefined oils (olive, peach, flaxseed, etc.) are very popular in cleansing the skin.

Try to get rid of the habit of drying your face too thoroughly with a towel, because the skin stretches easily, and you risk getting wrinkles ahead of time.

Before going outside, you need to use an effective protective cream. In the summer it should be tonic and light, and in winter it should be richer.

Remember to protect yourself from the negative effects of ultraviolet rays while spending long periods outside or at the beach. Use special tanning products, wear sunglasses and hats, and try to be in the shade as often as possible.

Home-proven facial skin care methods

The facial skin of men and women is different. To the envy of the fair sex, the male epidermis has a greater amount of collagen. This substance is a structure that maintains elasticity. As soon as collagen is destroyed with age and a lack of vitamin C, kinks, grooves appear, then small wrinkles, then large, nasolabial folds, “anger” wrinkles, “crow’s feet”. For this reason, men do not need all kinds of masks as much, they strengthen and give daily shaving massage, and androgen is an excellent stimulant for strengthening collagen.

In order not to lose skin elasticity and look younger longer, we women have to spend a lot of money on our faces and devote maximum time to procedures. It is worth noting that if you follow the recommendations of doctors and lead an active and healthy lifestyle, then there will be no special problems.

The main thing is to carefully study the facial skin care recipes we offer. They cost pennies, because the ingredients are always on hand, and you can easily save money on visiting a beauty salon.

Every day, the scales of our skin secrete sebaceous glands, and some of them die. It is necessary to get rid of them in order to open access of oxygen to other tissues.

How to wash your face

You cannot use toilet soap, much less laundry soap. The components have a harsh, irritating property, can cause burns, dryness, tighten the skin and create conditions for even more acne and redness.

For cleansing, you need to use micellar water, special milk, cosmetic cream, and gel. Moreover, each product must correspond to the type of skin, which can be dry, oily and medium oily. Cleaning the face should be done with a cotton pad or swab.

As for water, the one that flows from the tap is a real irritant. It does not have the required pH level, so it is better to use filtered one. You need to add a few drops of lemon juice to it. Thus, balance is restored and a softening effect occurs.

Some people use unrefined oil to cleanse their face of makeup residue. Sunflower, olive, flaxseed and castor are suitable. The oil is applied with a cotton pad, after 2 minutes you need to remove makeup with a cotton swab and rinse with warm softened water.

How to peel

This procedure allows you to cleanse yourself of dead cells, that is, it removes the crust of the epidermis. The word is translated from English as “peel the crust.” But it should be remembered that peelings and scrubs, if poorly prepared and applied, can lead to microtraumas of the skin and cause redness, the formation of acne, and allergic reactions.

Important: scrubs and peelings are strictly contraindicated in the presence of acne, spider veins, and redness. At home, this procedure can be done once a week if the skin is oily. For the other type, no more than once every two weeks.

Oatmeal peeling

You need to grind the oatmeal in a blender or coffee grinder. Mix a tablespoon of powder with the same amount of homemade sour cream or yogurt without additives and warm water. Apply to a face previously cleaned of makeup and rub with light, gentle movements onto the cheeks, forehead, chin area, nose, etc. Go around the eyes.

Coffee pulp peeling

Don’t rush to throw away the remaining coffee grounds; they will be useful not only for exfoliating your face, but also for getting rid of fungal diseases, bad odor on your feet, bad breath, etc. It should be applied to the face warm, and the skin should be pre-cleaned. Briefly and gently wipe all areas of the face, except for the area around the eyes, and when the thickener dries a little, carefully remove with a cotton pad. Wash the remains with warm softened water.

Skin manipulation during an active lifestyle

If you exercise during the day or go to the gym, this requires separate facial care steps. Before training, be sure to remove your makeup. This is necessary to prevent pores from clogging. The fact is that decorative cosmetics mixed with dirt and sweat are an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.

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Use micellar water and a sponge. After removing makeup, be sure to wash your face.

After playing sports, immediately carry out cleansing procedures. To do this, use a delicate product. Finish washing with cool water, this will close the pores and tighten them.

Masks for moisturizing the face at home

1. A homemade mask with sour cream, yolk and lemon juice has an excellent effect. You need to mix a tablespoon of sour cream, 3-4 drops of lemon juice, a teaspoon of olive oil and yolk. Grind everything and apply to a previously cleansed face. Wear the mask for 10-15 minutes and rinse with warm water.
2. Mix the yolk with a teaspoon of natural honey, apply to the face for 20 minutes, avoiding the area around the eyes. Rinse with warm water and apply moisturizer.

Recipes for anti-aging masks

The following series of proven masks allows you not only to soften wrinkles and restore a healthy complexion, but also to relieve fatigue, tension, and get rid of blackheads and pimples.

1. Mix two tablespoons of natural honey with a tablespoon of strong black tea, add oatmeal (2 tablespoons), add warm water so that a paste forms. Wear the mask for 20 minutes and rinse with warm water.
2. Peel and boil potatoes, mash until puree and apply to face, wear for 15 minutes.
3. Wash and grate a fresh cucumber and mix - 2 tablespoons of juice, 1 tablespoon. a spoonful of cream and 20 drops of pink water, beat it all until foamy. Apply an even layer on the face for 20 minutes and rinse.

For skin disinfection

1. It is necessary to prepare a decoction of St. John's wort. Pour 2 tablespoons of dried herbs into a glass of boiling water. Leave for 2 hours, strain through cheesecloth and mix with chopped nuts. Apply with gentle movements onto the skin, avoiding the area around the eyes and wear for 15 minutes. Rinse off with warm softened water.
2. Oils are excellent for restoring complexion and smoothing out wrinkles. After cleansing the skin, it is enough to apply a little of any kind - olive, sunflower, linseed or other oil and do a light massage. Using the pads of your fingers, as if slamming it down, trying to get the substance to penetrate under the skin.
3. In the summer season, you can use strawberries, apricots, raspberries, and peach. The fruit should be washed thoroughly, made into a paste and applied to the skin for 15 minutes. Rinse with warm water and moisturize with cream. If you repeat the procedure every day for 1.5 weeks, the skin will become soft, moist and velvety like a peach.

Facial exercise: best methods to get rid of wrinkles and double chin

Experts have developed a special type of facial gymnastics called facebuilding, that is, face building. There is a set of eight movements.

1. The ring fingers should rest on the eyebrows. Raise your eyebrows and create resistance with your fingers. Thus, the forehead muscles are toned and horizontal wrinkles are leveled.
2. Open your eyes wide, then relax. Repeat 10-15 times.
3. Use your fingers to fix the corners of your mouth and try to smile. In this case, the fingers should create an obstacle when the muscles, cheeks and mouth are tense. Then relax. Repeat 10-15 times.
4. Press your lips between your teeth and pull the corners of your mouth upward. Hold the position like this for a couple of seconds, then relax. Repeat 15 times.
5. Place three fingers on the corners of your eyes where crow's feet form. Try to smile and wrinkle your face, while using your fingers to create an obstacle to the formation of wrinkles. Repeat 15 times.
6. Place your fists under the lower jaw. Try to open your mouth and create an obstacle with your hands. Tension should be felt, repeat 10-15 times.
7. Repeat the same thing, sticking out your tongue additionally, trying to reach the bottom of your chin. Repeat 10-15 times.
8. Open your mouth wide and push your lower jaw forward as much as possible, tighten your chin and cheeks. Then relax, repeat 10-15 times.

To achieve the desired results, you need to repeat the gymnastics 2-3 times a day for two to three weeks. Even better, don't stop working your facial muscles.

An important point is the correct selection of cosmetics. Firstly, you cannot use creams and decorative cosmetics from dubious and unknown manufacturers. It is strictly forbidden to purchase care products and decorative items in underground passages or small stalls with a dubious reputation. Only in stores that have a license and documentation from an official and trusted manufacturer. The next important point is that there are cosmetics for cold and hot seasons, they should also be used in accordance with the time of year. Lastly, you should not use night cream during the day and day cream at night, each name and time of use was created for a reason. At night, one type of hormone is activated, and during the day, another. And only the appropriate look will help to successfully fight wrinkles, fatigue and restore a healthy and beautiful complexion.

Daily skin nutrition

So, the skin is cleansed - and now it’s time to take care of its nutrition. Day creams are applied to the face 30 minutes before leaving home. And the night one, by the way, should be applied not when going to bed, but an hour or two before. Typically, night creams are thicker in texture and take longer to absorb. Sometimes, for variety, you can apply oils at night. But this recommendation only works for normal to dry skin. Fatty oils at night will not do any good.

It is recommended to use olive oil, jojoba, grape seed oil, argan oil, and apply them 30 minutes before going to bed. The main indicator of a good oil is that it is also suitable for cooking. The label indicates this.

The optimal amount of cream to be applied to the skin should be approximately the size of a pea. This amount will be enough not to overload the dermis. You should not think that the more cream you put on your face, the faster wrinkles will go away and your face will look younger. No. This is fundamentally wrong.

For oily skin, cosmetologists recommend carrying mattifying wipes in your purse. Representatives of the fairer sex with this skin type often suffer from oiliness, especially in the summer. The most flawless makeup in the hot season looks terrible after 2-3 hours, the skin shines, turns red, and powder in this case will be completely useless. It will only clog the pores, the skin will experience further stress and will shine more. Therefore, you should clean it with a matting cloth, let it dry, and then powder it. This is what you should do if you are away from home. When you have the opportunity to wash your face with your usual cleanser and reapply your makeup, you should definitely do this. Don't be lazy! Your skin will thank you.